🌀 Springs & Shock Absorption
These parts absorb road impact and maintain vehicle ride height.

• Coil Springs: Steel cables wound into tight loops.
• Leaf Springs: Layered metal plates for heavy loads.
• Torsion Bars: Steel bars that twist under load.
• Shock Absorbers: Hydraulic pistons that dampen spring bounce.
• Struts: Structural assemblies combining shocks and springs.
• Air Springs: Rubber bags inflated by a compressor.

📐 Linkages & Control Arms
These components connect the wheel hubs to the vehicle chassis.

• Control Arms: Wishbone-shaped linkages managing wheel movement.
• Trailing Arms: Links connecting the rear axle longitudinally.
• Lateral Links: Rods controlling sideways wheel movement.
• Radius Rods: Braces controlling forward and backward movement.
• Knuckle Assemblies: Mounts holding the wheel hub assembly.

🔄 Joints & Bearings
These parts allow the suspension to pivot and turn smoothly.

• Ball Joints: Pivot bearings connecting control arms to knuckles.
• Tie Rod Ends: Joints linking steering gear to knuckles.
• Kingpins: Pivot pins used in older solid axles.
• Strut Bearings: Top mounts allowing the strut to rotate.

⚖️ Stabilizers & Anti-Roll Elements
These components reduce body roll during cornering and transitions.

• Sway Bar: Torsion bar linking left and right wheels.
• Sway Bar Links: Rods connecting sway bars to struts.
• Track Bar: Rod preventing lateral axle shift.

🛡️ Bushings & Mounts
These parts isolate noise, vibration, and harshness from the cabin.

• Control Arm Bushings: Rubber sleeves dampening arm pivots.
• Sway Bar Bushings: Mounts securing sway bars to chassis.
• Strut Mounts: Top plates cushioning strut-to-frame connections.
• Jounce Bumpers: Rubber stops preventing bottoming out.