⚙️ Drivetrain & Powertrain
Components that transfer rotational power from the engine to the wheels.

  • Transmission/Gearbox: Direct housing for gear ratios.
  • Transfer Case: Splits power between front and rear axles (4WD/AWD).
  • Drive Shaft: Longitudinal rotating tube sending power to axles.
  • Differential: Gear assembly allowing wheels to turn at different speeds.
  • Axle Shafts / CV Axles: Flexible shafts turning individual wheels.
  • CV Boots: Protective rubber sleeves covering constant velocity joints. 💨 Exhaust & Emissions System
    Pipes and chambers managing hot spent engine gases and sound suppression.
  • Exhaust Manifold: Initial piping collection off the engine block.
  • Downpipe: Pipe linking the manifold to the underside system.
  • Catalytic Converter: Converts harmful exhaust gases into less toxic emissions.
  • Resonator: Intermediate chamber reducing harsh sound frequencies.
  • Muffler: Main acoustic chamber dampening exhaust noise.
  • Tailpipe: Final exit pipe directing gases out from the bumper.
  • Oxygen (O2) Sensors: Sensors measuring exhaust gas oxygen mix.

🛑 Braking Components
Hydraulic and friction assemblies responsible for stopping the vehicle.

  • Brake Rotors / Discs: Metal discs turning alongside the wheels.
  • Brake Calipers: Hydraulic clamps squeezing brake pads onto rotors.
  • Brake Pads: High-friction sacrificial blocks inside the calipers.
  • Brake Lines / Hoses: Metal and rubber tubes carrying fluid pressure.
  • Emergency Brake Cable: Mechanical cable operating the rear parking brakes. 🛠️ Structural Frame & Protection
    The load-bearing skeleton and protective shielding of the vehicle.
  • Subframe / Crossmember: Structural steel cradles supporting engine or suspension.
  • Frame Rails: Long heavy longitudinal rails forming structural sides.
  • Floor Pans: Sheet metal forming the structural passenger floorboards.
  • Skid Plates: Heavy shield plates protecting oil pans and transfer cases.
  • Splash Shields: Plastic guards deflecting road salt, mud, and water.

⛽ Fuel Storage & Lines
Storage and delivery hardware carrying combustible fuel safely.

  • Fuel Tank: Large main plastic or metal fuel storage vessel.
  • Fuel Tank Straps: Heavy metal bands clamping the fuel tank to frame.
  • Fuel Lines: High-pressure supply and return fuel pipes.